Talmud / Mishna · 12th c. · North Africa or Spain · Codex · Talmud · Foundational · Earliest Witness

תלמוד בבלי — מסכתות פסחים, ראש השנה וסוכה

Talmud Bavli — Tractates Pesaḥim, Rosh ha-Shanah, and Sukkah (12th-c. manuscript)

12th century · The Library of The Jewish Theological Seminary

A 12th-century manuscript of the Babylonian Talmud containing the tractates Pesaḥim, Rosh ha-Shanah, and Sukkah — three of the central masekhtot of Seder Mo'ed. Twelfth-century complete-tractate manuscripts of the Bavli are extremely rare. Most surviving medieval witnesses are from the 13th and 14th centuries; the few earlier ones, like this codex, are foundational reference points for the modern critical study of the Talmudic text. This volume preserves a recension of these tractates that predates the consolidation of the printed editions by several centuries — and predates the great 14th-century Munich Talmud (Cod.hebr. 95), the only complete medieval Bavli to survive intact, by some two hundred years. A downloadable PDF facsimile is also available.